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socket编程尝试（Windows）

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socket编程尝试（Windows）

首先是对于socket这一技术，贴一篇文章

socket技术详解

用一张图概括整个过程（linux下的，与windows不同之处在于函数名和一些细小差别）

image-20220520081743268

针对详细过程，请参阅上述文章，此处不再赘述

我们着重讲编程部分。

首先是客户端

Client

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#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <Winsock2.h>
#include <string>


#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib") //表示链接Ws2_32.lib这个库。   

using namespace std;

#define xPort 8000 //端口
#define xIP "127.0.0.1" // ip

int main()
{
    const int xBUF_SIZE = 64;
    WSADATA         wsd;                //WSADATA变量
    SOCKET          xServer;            //服务器套接字
    SOCKET          xClient;            //客户端套接字
    char            input[xBUF_SIZE];  //接受数据缓冲区
    char            str[xBUF_SIZE]; //返回数据缓冲区
    int             retVal;             //返回值

    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsd) != 0) //初始化
    {
        cout << "WSAStartup failed!" << endl;
        return 1;
    }

    xClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); //创建一个socket
    if (INVALID_SOCKET == xClient)
    {
        cout << "socket failed!" << endl;
        WSACleanup();
        return  -1;
    }

    struct sockaddr_in sockAddr;
    memset(&sockAddr, 0, sizeof(sockAddr));  //每个字节都用0填充
    sockAddr.sin_family = PF_INET;
    sockAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
    sockAddr.sin_port = htons(8000);

    retVal = connect(xClient, (LPSOCKADDR)&sockAddr, sizeof(sockAddr)); //连接
    if (SOCKET_ERROR == retVal)
    {
        cout << "connect failed!" << endl;
        closesocket(xClient);
        WSACleanup();
        return -1;
    }
    //客户端初始化完成

    while (true)
    {
        memset(input, 0, xBUF_SIZE);
        cout << "Input:" ;
        scanf("%s",input);
        retVal = send(xClient, input, xBUF_SIZE, 0);
        recv(xClient, str, xBUF_SIZE, 0);
        cout << str << endl;
        break;
    }

    closesocket(xClient);
    WSACleanup();

    return 0;

}

上述sockaddr_in的结构体定义如下

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struct sockaddr_in {

　　short int sin_family; /* 通信类型 */

　　unsigned short int sin_port; /* 端口 */

　　struct in_addr sin_addr; /* Internet 地址 */

　　unsigned char sin_zero[8]; /* 与sockaddr结构的长度相同*/

};

服务端

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#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <Winsock2.h>
#include <string>


#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

using namespace std;

#define xPort 8000
#define xIP "127.0.0.1"


int main()
{
    const int xBUF_SIZE = 64;
    WSADATA         wsd;                //WSADATA变量
    SOCKET          xServer;            //服务器套接字
    SOCKET          xClient;            //客户端套接字
    SOCKADDR_IN     xaddrServ;
    char            string[xBUF_SIZE];  //接受数据缓冲区
    char            sendinput[xBUF_SIZE]; //返回数据缓冲区
    int             retVal;             //返回值


    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsd) != 0)
    {
        cout << "WSAStartup failed!" << endl;
        return 1;
    }
    //创建一个socket
    xServer = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
    if (INVALID_SOCKET == xServer)
    {
        cout << "socket failed" << endl;
        WSACleanup();
        return -1;
    }
    //服务器socket地址
    xaddrServ.sin_family = AF_INET;
    xaddrServ.sin_port = htons(xPort);
    xaddrServ.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;

    //绑定socket
    retVal = bind(xServer, (SOCKADDR*)&xaddrServ, sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN));
    if (SOCKET_ERROR == retVal)
    {
        cout << "bind failed" << endl;
        closesocket(xServer);
        WSACleanup();
        return -1;
    }

    retVal = listen(xServer, 1);
    if (SOCKET_ERROR == retVal)
    {
        cout << "listen failed" << endl;
        closesocket(xServer);
        WSACleanup();
        return -1;
    }

    sockaddr_in addrClient;
    int addrClientLen = sizeof(addrClient);
    xClient = accept(xServer, (sockaddr FAR*) & addrClient, &addrClientLen);//创建一个等待链接的客户端socket
    if (INVALID_SOCKET == xClient)
    {
        cout << "accept failed" << endl;
        closesocket(xServer);
        WSACleanup();
        return -1;
    }

    //初始化完成

    while (true)
    {
        memset(sendinput, 0, xBUF_SIZE);
        recv(xClient,sendinput,xBUF_SIZE,0);
        cout << sendinput;
        memset(string,0,xBUF_SIZE);
        strcpy(string, "good :)");
        send(xClient,string,xBUF_SIZE,0);
    }

    closesocket(xServer);
    closesocket(xClient);
    WSACleanup();

    return 0;

}

原本想在服务端加一个RC4加密的，结果有一些问题，也不太想改，就让客户端输入，服务端返回一个字符串了。

这只是单线程的socket编程。

参考文章

https://www.cnblogs.com/kefeiGame/p/7246942.html

https://www.cnblogs.com/L-hq815/archive/2012/07/09/2583043.html（linux下）

推介结合winapi看

(后续找个时间试试多线程)